Mai ka pāpā ʻana i ka plastic, ua lilo nā mea biodegradable i wahi wela hou, ua hoʻonui nā ʻoihana nui i ka hana, ua hoʻonui ʻia nā kauoha i ka manawa like i ka hoʻolako ʻana i nā mea maka, ʻoi aku ka PBAT, PBS a me nā mea ʻeke membrane degradable i loko o 4 mau mahina wale nō. ua pii ke kumukuai. No laila, ʻo ka mea PLA me ke kumu kūʻai paʻa i huki ʻia ka nānā.
ʻO ka poly (lactic acid) (PLA), ka mea i kapa ʻia he poly (lactide), he mea hoʻonaninani hou i ka honua i loaʻa ma o ka polymerization wehe ʻana o ka waika lactic i hoʻomākaukau ʻia mai ka starch kulina biologically-based, a hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa loa ʻia i loko o ka hoʻopuni ʻana. nā huahana hope, e like me CO2 a me H2O.
Ma muli o kona mau pono o ka ikaika mechanical kiʻekiʻe, ka hana maʻalahi, ka helu hoʻoheheʻe kiʻekiʻe, ka biodegradability a me ka biocompatibility maikaʻi, ua hoʻohana nuiʻia i ka mahiʻai, ka meaʻai meaʻai, ka mālama kino a me nāʻoihana'ē aʻe. Ua loaʻa ka manaʻo nui i ka mauʻu PLA degradable i nā makahiki i hala iho nei.
I ka pane ʻana i ke kauoha pāpā ʻana, hoʻohana nui ʻia nā ʻōpala pepa ma Kina. Eia naʻe, hoʻohewa nui ʻia nā ʻōpala pepa no ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka hoʻohana ʻana. Hoʻomaka ka nui o nā mea hana e koho i nā mea i hoʻololi ʻia e PLA e hana i nā mauʻu.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻoiai ʻo ka polylactic acid he mau ʻano mechanical maikaʻi, ʻo kona elongation haʻahaʻa i ka wā haki (maʻa mau ma lalo o 10%) a me ka paʻakikī maikaʻi ʻole e kaupalena i kāna noi ʻana i nā ʻōpala.
No laila, ua lilo ka paʻakikī PLA i kumuhana noiʻi wela i kēia manawa. ʻO kēia ka holomua o ka noiʻi paʻakikī PLA.
ʻO ka poly-lactic acid (PLA) kekahi o nā plastic biodegradable oʻo loa. ʻO kāna mau mea waiwai mai nā mea kanu hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia, ke kulina, nā huahana o ka mahiʻai, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, a he biodegradability maikaʻi kona. Loaʻa i ka PLA nā waiwai mechanical maikaʻi loa, e like me nā plastic polypropylene, a hiki ke pani i nā plastik PP a me PET i kekahi mau māla. I kēia manawa, loaʻa iā PLA ka nani o ka nani, ka ʻike, ka manaʻo lima a me kekahi mau waiwai antibacterial
kūlana hana PLA
I kēia manawa, ʻelua mau ala synthetic ʻo PLA. ʻO kekahi, ʻo ka polymerization condensation pololei, ʻo ia hoʻi, ua hoʻomaʻemaʻe pololei ʻia ka waika lactic a condensed ma lalo o ka wela kiʻekiʻe a me ke kaomi haʻahaʻa. He mea maʻalahi ke kaʻina hana a he haʻahaʻa ke kumukūʻai, akā ʻaʻole kūlike ka paona molekala o ka huahana, a maikaʻi ʻole ka hopena hoʻohana pono.
ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe he apo lactide - wehe i ka polymerization, ʻo ia ke ʻano hana nui.
Hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka PLA
Paʻa ka PLA ma ka lumi wela, akā hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka CO2 a me ka wai ma kahi ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana, ka honua acid-base a me ka microbial environment. No laila, hiki ke hoʻohana palekana ʻia nā huahana PLA i loko o ka manawa kūpono a hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia i ka manawa ma hope o ka hoʻolei ʻia ʻana e ka mālama ʻana i ke kaiapuni a me ka hoʻopili ʻana.
ʻO nā mea e pili ana i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana o PLA ka nui o ka paona molekala, ke kūlana crystalline, ka microstructure, ka mahana a me ka haʻahaʻa, ka waiwai pH, ka manawa hoʻomālamalama a me nā microorganisms kaiapuni.
Hiki i ka PLA a me nā mea ʻē aʻe ke hoʻololi i ka helu degradation.
No ka laʻana, hiki i ka PLA ke hoʻohui i kahi nui o ka palaoa lāʻau a i ʻole ka pulupulu kumu kulina hiki ke hoʻolalelale i ka helu degradation.
PLA hana pale
ʻO ka insulation e pili ana i ka hiki o kahi mea ke pale i ka hele ʻana o ke kinoea a i ʻole ka mahu wai.
He mea koʻikoʻi ka waiwai pale no nā mea hoʻopili. I kēia manawa, ʻo ka ʻeke plastik degradable maʻamau ma ka mākeke ʻo ia ka PLA/PBAT composite material.
Hiki i nā mea pale o ke kiʻi PLA maikaʻi ke hoʻonui i ka papa noi.
ʻO nā mea e pili ana i ka waiwai pale PLA ka nui o nā mea i loko (ka molecular structure a me ka crystallization state) a me nā mea o waho (ka mahana, ka haʻahaʻa, ka ikaika o waho).
1. ʻO ka hoʻomehana PLA kiʻi e hōʻemi i kāna waiwai pale, no laila ʻaʻole kūpono ʻo PLA no ka ʻeke meaʻai e pono ai ka wela.
2. Hiki ke hoʻonui i ka waiwai o ka pale ʻana i ka PLA ma kekahi ʻano.
Ke hoʻonui ʻia ka lākiō tensile mai 1 a 6.5, hoʻonui nui ʻia ka crystallinity o PLA, no laila e hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka waiwai pale.
3. ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i kekahi mau pale (e like me ka pālolo a me ka fiber) i ka matrix PLA hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka waiwai pale PLA.
ʻO ia ke kumu o ka hoʻolōʻihi ʻia o ke ala ʻāwili o ka wai a i ʻole ke kaʻina hoʻoheheʻe kinoea no nā molekole liʻiliʻi.
4. Hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka waiwai o ka pale ʻana i ka uhi ʻana ma ka ʻili o ke kiʻi PLA.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: 29-10-21